The recent innovation literature has increasingly emphasized the efficient use of knowledge and information not only inside the company borders, but particularly the knowledge locating outside the company borders, such as the knowledge of customers and users. In addition, the co-creation of new knowledge has gained fast in importance. Various types of collaborative web tools and approaches, such as social media, can enable and significantly increase the collaboration, the collaborative knowledge creation and the use of the distributed knowledge both within and outside the company borders. In this paper, we have studied the role and possibilities of social media in the sharing and creation of customer information and knowledge especially from the perspective of business-to-business companies’ innovation with an extensive literature review. Business-to-business context was chosen because it is in many ways a very different environment for social media than business-to-consumer context, and is
currently very little academically studied.
In the area of Business Process Management (BPM), current tools for executing processes strongly focus on the handling of process instances and miss to create a user-centric environment to handle the tasks accruing due process execution. With the PROWIT Process Collaboration Service an integrated platform is created, which includes both process and user context to provide a collaborative environment for all participants of the process. In a web-based environment, the process handling is combined with collaboration, as well as knowledge transfer and knowledge persistence.
As traditional process elicitation methods are expensive and time consuming, a trend toward collaborative, user-centric, online business process modeling can be observed. A com-mon proposal in this area is the use of a semantic wiki-based light-weight knowledge capturing tool for collaborative pro-cess development. Although di erent frameworks have been proposed, nobody has compared the systems against existing requirements for collaborative maturing of processes. To address this issue we provide a comparison framework on the basis of these rewquierments, which we used to compare existing approaches.
The paper explores the application of Web 2.0 technologies in the engineering product development domain. Growing on data collected from a number of industrial development projects, related to several different products in various industry segments, the paper analyses the dichotomy between the prevailing hierarchical structure of CAD/PLM/PDM systems and the emerging principles of the Social Web, e.g. the self-organization of its users. It introduces the concept of Engineering 2.0, intended as a more bottom up and lightweight knowledge sharing approach supporting early stage design decisions within cross-functional product development teams. A set of scenarios related, for instance, to the application of blogs, wikis, forums and tags in the engineering domain are eventually presented, highlighting opportunities, challenges and no-go areas.
Siemens is well known for ambitious efforts in knowledge management, providing a series of innovative tools and applications within the intranet. References@BT is such a web-based application aimed to support globally sharing knowledge, experiences and best-practices within the Building Technologies Division. As a reaction to the demand of employees, a new microblogging service, tightly integrated into References@BT, was implemented in March 2009. In this paper, we comprehensively describe motivation, experiences and advantages for the organization in providing an internal microblogging application. Because of the tight inte-gration, we also outline general facts of the knowledge management application.
Professional translation services are often perceived as quite expensive and people tend to go for the lowest price possible when commissioning a translation. To stay capable of competing with lay translators, professional translators have to continuously increase the efficiency of their work process. Researching information consumes a considerable part of the time needed for producing a high-quality translation. This work evaluates whether Web 2.0 applications with their social and collaborative characteristics have the potential to support the professional translator in his daily work. Here the main focus of attention is on a possible increase in efficiency of search and knowledge management processes. In phase one of the study we conducted a survey to determine the translator’s preferred search tactics, knowledge resources, and communication channels. Secondly, we conducted user tests on a Web 2.0 social media sharing platform followed by open interviews to find further evidence for the potential of Web 2.0-based collaborative applications in the professional translator’s business.
An increasing amount of companies are interested in using the innovative potential of Web 2.0 technologies. This paper describes the main results of a comparative analysis of several quantitative empirical studies on the use of Web 2.0 in enterprises. This includes findings about diffusion, possibilities of application, benefits, barriers, and factors of success for the use of Web 2.0 in enterprises. The findings of this comparative study show effective and reasonable ways of using Web 2.0 in enterprises.
This paper presents extensions that have been programmed by the Department Social Learning (DSL) at Graz University of Technology (TU Graz) for a blogosphere used at TU Graz called TU Graz LearnLand (TUGLL) on base of the open source software ELGG. These extensions are useful upgrades to the system following the demands of the pedagogical strategy of the TU Graz. A description of the extensions and didactical considerations are discussed.
In today’s information environments, tagging is widely used to provide informationabout arbitrary types of digital resources. This information is created by end users with different motivations and for different kinds of purposes. When aiming to support users in the tagging process, these differences play an important role. This paper discusses several approaches to generate tag recommendations, and a prototypical recommender system for the social resource sharing platform ALOE will be presented.
This interactive system allows users to control the generation of the recommendations by selecting the sources to be used as well as their impact. The component was introduced at DFKI, and a first evaluation showed that the recommender component was considered as helpful by a majority of users.
Our goal is increasing the users’ value and experience and decreasing the implementation time for web portals. To achieve this goal we adopt a subject-centric perspective on information architecture. The fundament of this approach is that portals should be driven by subject-centric models of the portals’ domains. Out of these domain models, the interaction and interface design of the portals is self-evident. Amongst others, the international industry standard Topic Maps is a portal technology and an implementation of the subjectcentric modelling paradigm. With ActiveTM we introduce a technology, which implements a Model-driven approach to automatically create domain-customised, subject-centric portal engines, based on Topic Maps. ActiveTM has proved as technique for reducing the implementation cost of portals enormously and the implied subject-centricness increases the users’ value and experience significantly.
This paper presents findings from the development process of a general innovation framework for an ongoing Nordic R&D project on e-business and media. It focuses on the current state of the Danish news media sector and the conclusions we can draw from the “Web 2.0 activity” of the Danish newspapers. The paper concludes that the Web 2.0 offers the opportunity for fundamental re-thinking of the business models of the news media sector and for developing a new framework for business modelling for this sector.
The need for Knowledge Management (KM) in Human Services is growing. New “Social Software”-solutions which came along with the so-called “Web 2.0” enable advanced possibilities of implementing KM-strategies in smaller agencies in the domain of Social Work. In the field of of human service-oriented knowledge sharing one case out of three projects showing the use of a wiki will be presented. The project deal with the introduction of a wiki in the area of Case Management in a job center.
Web 2.0 platforms such as media sharing and social network sites (SNS) concern people in everyday life to a great extent. People are enabled to reach out to various media and up to now, it is nearly impossible to use digital identities ex ante or to recreate users’ identities ex post across different platforms. In this paper, we explore important methodologies in Web 2.0 such as cross-media analysis and social pattern based analysis based on a survey in this area, aiming at cross-platform information diffusion across social network sites. Open issues are discussed to explore the challenges and solutions in this new research area.
There is plenty of hype around the term Web 2.0. While the change of the web has gathered increased attention from the Web 2.0 community itself, it seems that the corporate world feels unconfident how to apply the principles of the Web 2.0 to their businesses. Due to the ambiguity and fuzziness of the concepts describing Web 2.0 there is a lot of uncertainness. Highly affected industry branches like the media industry show interest but their fears of loosing their competitiveness because of not knowing how to handle the phenomenon Web 2.0 are evenly strong. Nevertheless, little academic work has been conducted on the implication of Web 2.0 to the business domain. This paper bridges the gap in having a deeper look into the phenomena of Web 2.0 leading to the development of a more graspable model for corporate use of Web 2.0 encapsulating a business focus and hence defining the term Corporate Web 2.0. By showing how the introduced model is applied, it helps companies including the media and other businesses to derive a business value from the new Internet.
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Allowing users to publish and share photos on the Internet makes Flickr one of the most popular tagging services currently available. The organisation of images in Flickr is based on Folksonomies, where users attach loose metadata—instead of well-defined terms from a controlled vocabulary—to their images. Although this lowers the barrier to participation it has a number of negative effects and can make searching, for instance, more difficult.
This paper offers a solution to a particular issue that can be encountered in Flickr—the Vocabulary Problem. The suggested approach is based on the use of a semantic lexical database for expanding Flickr queries. WordFlickr, a prototype implementation of this concept, is presented together with FlickrClustr, a related tool for clustering Flickr search results. Results of informal tests with these tools are provided, and characteristics of tag usage are derived.
With the advent of Web 2.0 technologies a new attitude towards processing contents in the Internet has emerged. Nowadays it is a lot easier to create, share and retrieve multimedia contents on the Web. However, with the increasing amount in contents the retrieval process becomes more complex and often leads to inadequate search results. One main reason is summarized easily: Approaches to image clustering and retrieval usually either stick solely to the images’ low-level features or their semantic tags. However, this is frequently inappropriate since the “real” semantics of an image can only be derived from the combination of low-level features and semantic tags. Consequently, we investigated a more holistic view on semantics based on a system called Imagesemantics that tries to close the gap between both approaches by combining them.
In many respects Web 2.0 and Knowledge Management (KM) are strongly related to each other. From a KM perspective the Web 2.0 evolution can serve as a pool of ideas for new ways of knowledge sharing, knowledge organisation and for the development of new architectures of measurable knowledge management systems. KM projects are usually developed in a process-oriented, goal-driven environment, embedded in complex organisational structures, whereas typical Web 2.0 applications like del.icio.us, flickr or friendster are building “their own context”. This paper will examine Tim O´Reilly’s eight generic Web 2.0 design patterns in terms of their applicability for a measurable KM System in an Enterprise 2.0. Two use cases will be presented and it will be discussed which of the design patterns could be enriched by technologies from the semantic web which will be summarized as a concept named “Enterprise n+1”.
The knowledge is defined as combination and organization of data and information in given context and Knowledge Management (KM) provides capturing, storing and reusing of knowledge objects. In Web 2.0 world the knowledge is represented in form of microcontent object and KM 2.0 proposes creation, sharing and leveraging the microknowledge in a collaborative way. The microknowledge in Web 2.0 network can be controlled through designing the instructional strategies that will provide user learning paths and activities and that will give possibilities for sharing of those same learning activities and microknowledge with others. The present paper is aimed to reflect of the research needs and the new challenges in the mentioned above three areas: KM, Web 2.0 technologies and Learning Design (LD). It is focused on designing of personalized learning using IMS LD elements. The paper analyzes the possibilities of applying Web 2.0 technologies for defining a broaden set of activities and creating the rich environments with microknowledge objects and web services in one successful scenario.
Distributed cooperative contexts provide a challenge for successful Knowledge Management. Users in different places around the globe need to interact with one another in goal-oriented projects. In classical Computer Supported Cooperative Work applications this interactive component is often neglected. In contrast Web 2.0 offers a strong author-recipient interaction that may be translated successfully into cooperative work contexts. An integrated approach based on virtual knowledge spaces using semantic positioning to communicate meaning efficiently between project members enhanced with Web 2.0 functionality is introduced in this paper.
The goal of this paper is to identify and analyze Web 2.0 services and usage models appropriate for assisting the realization of Inclusive Universal Access (introduced by Derntl and Motschnig-Pitrik as an extension to Universal Access) particularly in cooperative learning and knowledge sharing environments. The analysis is backed by previous research and experience either at the authors’ or other educational institutions. It can serve as a brief reference of a broad spectrum of Inclusive Universal Access scenarios which have proven to be successful together with their Web 2.0 support. It will hopefully also help Web 2.0 service developers to get deeper insight into the different aspects and effects of the new web services in terms of their applications in cooperative learning and knowledge sharing. Furthermore, the paper aims to reveal the gaps and future topics for research, development, and practice.
This paper discusses the requirements of a framework for sharing digital resources and metadata to meet the needs of open, flexible Knowledge Management solutions. The changing nature of the Web and its users as observed in recent years clearly establishes the need for new approaches and technologies to fully exploit the potential for working with existing digital resources. Formal metadata about the resources can be combined with information created in lightweight and user-centric approachesin order to significantly enhance resource descriptions and enable more efficient access to existing knowledge. The ALOE system, currently in development at DFKI, is one such solution and it is used here as the basis for a sample realization of an appropriate framework.
With the current shift in web technology called Web 2.0, many e-learning experts compare the traditional view of e-learning with the expected level of e-learning services and find common problems with present LMS platforms. Primarily, we will identify the most important properties of an E-learning 2.0 platform. Secondly, a prototype, Java-based opensource E-learning 2.0 platform L2 will be introduced and evaluated.
The paper proposes a way of characterizing the Next-Generation Web in terms of some ‘social middleware’, composed of social software technology supporting its emergence and some process ‘fabric’ that permeates from the individual’s interaction and innovative usage patterns. We will be especially interested in its impact on the educational environment, briefly presenting a converging approach for adult learning in both corporate and institutional environments extracted from the initial stages of iCamp project. It is intended to show you how the key elements under this new stage in Web evolution impact the educational environment, not only in higher education but in adult learning and professional training. It is intended to be useful in managing the changes we are putting up with in educational institutions and all kind of organisations.