Goal of this research is hence to present a research model for influencing factors of pricing decision for an organizational procurement A model for the evolution of organizational market is built based on literature review of inter-organizational negotiation, interviews indepth with domestic industry, and empirical data analysis. Factors in the proposed model may create valuable information for marketplace administrators to build appropriate strategies for their businesses. The relationship between framing, personal risk attitudes and the performance and personal intuitive preference of pricing decision in an organizational procurement are proposed to assist the trades between industries. Also the findings might be useful for building a data bank for e-negotiation between buyer and seller. Knowledge base and E-learning information systems are potential research to promote the effectiveness and efficiency of trades of organizational marketplace on Internet.
Modern computational Problem Solving Environments (PSEs) become more and more complex and knowledge intensive in terms of their integrated toolsets, in particular for engineering design search and optimization. Whether these toolsets can be assembled effectively to produce satisfactory results depends heavily on using the best domain practice and following decisions made by skilled engineers in practical situations. In this paper, a knowledge based approach is used to acquire this knowledge from existing sources and model it in a maintainable fashion. Ontologies are used to develop the conceptualization of a knowledge base. In order to reuse this knowledge to provide guidance at knowledge intensive points, we propose a knowledge based advisor, which can give a context-aware critique to guide users through effective operations of building domain workflows. The concept of a state panel is proposed to collect system state information, which is then reasoned about together with various task models in the JESS (Java Expert System Shell) environment. Two reasoning strategies are designed for different advising styles. A multilayer and client-server style architecture is proposed to illustrate how this advisor can be deployed to make available its knowledge advising service to a real workflow construction PSE in a maintainable fashion. Throughout we use the example of these knowledge services in the context of design optimization in engineering.
Within a business environment, where the fast and reliable access to knowledge is a key success factor, an efficient handling of the organizational knowledge is crucial. Therefore the need for methods and techniques, which allow to structure and maintain complex knowledge bases according to the requirements emerging from the daily work have a high priority. This article provides a business process oriented approach to structure organizational knowledge and information bases. The approach was developed within applied research in the industrial, service and administrative sector. Following this approach, three different types of knowledge structures and their visualization have been developed by the Fraunhofer IPK and are currently applied and tested in organizations. Beside the approach itself, these three types of knowledge structure and the cases of application shall be introduced here.
Embedded systems play an increasingly important role in today’s society. The spectrum of embedded systems ranges, for example, from mobile phones to X-by-wire control systems in cars and airplanes. The regional embedded systems knowledge base, called EmBase, is a comprehensive project which investigates and maps the knowledgebase in embedded systems with a focus on Austria and Central Europe. EmBase supports individuals, private and public institutions and companies that implement, develop, support, purchase or sell embedded systems so that they can successfully identify key market trends and directions and align themselves and their activities with these trends